Degrees
Juris Doctorate, Loyola Law School (1989)
Oxford University, Magdalen College / SDSU Institute on International and Comparative Law (1988)
Bachelor of Arts, Rutgers University / School of Environmental and Biological Sciences (1980)

Certifications
Professional Service Reserve Course, Orange County Sheriff-Coroner
Range Development and Operations Course, National Rifle Association
Defensive Handgun Course, Front Sight Firearms Training Institute
Trial Advocacy Training, National Institute for Trial Advocacy
Discovery and Depositions Training, National Institute for Trial Advocacy
Scott Moot Court, Loyola Law School
Criminology, Criminal Investigation and Identification, Western College of Criminology